{"id":4383,"date":"2023-12-27T20:51:16","date_gmt":"2023-12-27T19:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/?p=4383"},"modified":"2024-01-03T15:20:50","modified_gmt":"2024-01-03T14:20:50","slug":"ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/","title":{"rendered":"AUSTENITA"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Header” _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#000000″ background_image=”https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/austenita1-1-scaled.jpg” locked=”off” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” custom_padding=”5vh||5vh||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.17.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23″ _module_preset=”c16985e1-e0d6-4022-964d-e2bfc04fa633″ text_font=”Abel|700|||||||” text_text_color=”#E02B20″ text_font_size=”26px” header_font=”|800|||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”42px” header_line_height=”1.2em” header_2_text_align=”center” header_2_text_color=”#FFFFFF” text_orientation=”center” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”||21px|||” header_font_size_tablet=”40px” header_font_size_phone=”24px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” text_text_shadow_style=”preset3″ text_text_shadow_color=”#000000″ header_text_shadow_style=”preset4″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”0.08em” header_text_shadow_color=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

BLOG<\/span> PREMIUM<\/span> DEL LABORATORIO DE FORJA<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#000000″ custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”20px|||||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”c16985e1-e0d6-4022-964d-e2bfc04fa633″ text_text_color=”#E02B20″ header_font=”|700|||||||” header_text_align=”center” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_font_size=”48px” header_line_height=”1.2em” header_2_font=”|800|||||||” header_2_text_align=”center” header_2_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_2_font_size=”33px” background_layout=”dark” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” header_font_size_tablet=”40px” header_font_size_phone=”24px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” text_text_shadow_style=”preset4″ text_text_shadow_color=”#000000″ header_text_shadow_style=”preset4″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”0.08em” header_text_shadow_color=”#000000″ header_2_text_shadow_style=”preset4″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”0.08em” header_2_text_shadow_color=”#000000″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

AUSTENITA<\/span><\/h1>\n

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La AUSTENIZACION DEL ACERO es muy importante en muchos de los tratamientos t\u00e9rmicos.<\/b><\/p>\n

Llamamos AUSTENITA a la soluci\u00f3n s\u00f3lida del carbono (C) en el\u00a0hierro gamma (\u03b3). Estando el carbono en el interior de la estructura cristalina del hierro y homogeneiz\u00e1ndose en toda su estructura.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hemos comentado que\u00a0el hierro no es capaz de solubilizar el carbono a temperatura ambiente<\/strong>. En cambio,\u00a0cuando lo calentamos, se transforma en una estructura cristalina que s\u00ed es capaz a solubilizar el carbono<\/strong>. Ahora s\u00ed, el carbono cabe en los huecos que hay entre los \u00e1tomos de hierro formando una soluci\u00f3n solida de inserci\u00f3n, homogeneiz\u00e1ndose en toda su estructura. Ya\u00a0hemos conseguido que el carbono est\u00e9 repartido en todo nuestro acero y\u00a0<\/strong>aprovecharemos este momento en el que el acero esta austenizado para ENDURECELO.<\/b><\/p>\n

El acero comienza la AUSTENIZACI\u00d3N a los 723\u00baC y finaliza su transformaci\u00f3n dependiendo de su porcentaje de carbono. Ya veremos a que temperatura de temple nos interesa llegar al calentar nuestro acero en funci\u00f3n de su porcentaje de carbono. Ya sea mediante una AUSTENIZACION COMPLETA o una AUSTENIZAC\u00d3N INCOMPLETA.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

La AUSTENITA no es estable a temperatura ambiente, cuando se enfr\u00eda lentamente vuelve a convertirse en hierro alfa, bajando de nuevo la solubilidad del carbono en el hierro.<\/strong>\u00a0(Aunque existen aceros con contenidos de cromo (Cr) y n\u00edquel (Ni) que s\u00ed mantienen la estructura austen\u00edtica a temperatura ambiente).<\/p>\n

Dependiendo de la velocidad a la que enfriemos la AUSTENITA, podemos conseguir diferentes microestructuras como\u00a0PERLITA\u00a0(Velocidad lenta con difusi\u00f3n de \u00e1tomos), BAINITA (Velocidad moderada con difusi\u00f3n de \u00e1tomos),\u00a0MARTENISTA\u00a0(Velocidad r\u00e1pida sin difusi\u00f3n de \u00e1tomos)\u2026 que ya os iremos contando.<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/austenita1-1-scaled.jpg” alt=”Austenita” title_text=”austenita1 (1)” _builder_version=”4.23″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” background_layout=”dark” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

La AUSTENITA admite Carbono hasta que quedan ocupadas todas las posibles posiciones en el centro de las aristas y tambi\u00e9n en el centro de la celda elemental, alcanzando 4 \u00e1tomos de C por celda elemental con un porcentaje de carbono en peso de hasta 2,11%. Aqu\u00ed puede estar la raz\u00f3n por la que acotamos a los aceros hasta un 2.11% de carbono y con mas carbono comienzan las fundiciones.
Si adem\u00e1s de C existen otros \u00e1tomos de otros elementos \u2013 por ejemplo Cr, V, W, Si \u2013 en soluci\u00f3n s\u00f3lida, se distorsiona su red la estructura cristalina y la solubilidad m\u00e1xima del carbono resultar\u00eda ser inferior a 2,11%.<\/p>\n

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\u00bfQuieres saber por que forjamos el acero cuando est\u00e1 AUSTENIZADO?
\no \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 AUSTENIZAMOS para templar?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"2880","footnotes":""},"categories":[37,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novngsyisbyd6ttcyxs4tq","category-ncxnnmgdjd1xciah7fqqdq"],"yoast_head":"\nAUSTENITA - Laboratorio de Forja<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, nofollow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AUSTENITA - Laboratorio de Forja\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00bfQuieres saber por que forjamos el acero cuando est\u00e1 AUSTENIZADO? o \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 AUSTENIZAMOS para templar?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Laboratorio de Forja\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-12-27T19:51:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-01-03T14:20:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/austenita1-1-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Laboratorio de Forja\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Laboratorio de Forja\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Laboratorio de Forja\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/d9c66685e43add2263ef7f8326aaac7c\"},\"headline\":\"AUSTENITA\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-12-27T19:51:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-01-03T14:20:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/\"},\"wordCount\":838,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/austenita1-1-scaled.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Blog Premium\",\"Microconstituyentes*\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/laboratoriodeforja.com\/en\/ilpxtsbnqjctn7ullikaqg\/\",\"name\":\"AUSTENITA - 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